Psych disorder has been a quite challenging area for various studies. However, the research has not been exhaustive; thus it is a relevant field to study. A psych disorder is an abnormal functioning of the mind that results in a strange behavioral pattern; it is characterized by actions that range from normal forgetting to memory loss. In this case, memory loss adversely affects an individual’s day-to-day function and life. There are different psychological disorders, such as eating, mood, and psychotic disorders.
Stress and Trauma versus Psych Disorder
Stress may have a positive impact on an individual by facilitating thinking to provide solutions. Nevertheless, too much of it hurts the body and brain in particular. According to Maldonado (2018), psych disorders are brought about by factors such as chemical imbalances in the brain, childhood experiences, heredity, illnesses, prenatal exposures, and stress.
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Some diseases like borderline personality and depression are more prevalent in women as opposed to men; however, it is important to examine them precisely both for two sexes. Others like substance abuse are more common in men compared to women. Psych disorder that causes periods of depression and abnormally exaggerated mood affect both genders in equal measure.
Trauma is an experience that makes one suffer physical or emotional pain. Traumatic events have a high prevalence in the world, and they subject a person or someone close to them at risk of serious injuries or death; road accidents or serious illnesses can cause them. Notably, in most countries, at least 70 percent of the population report having experienced a traumatic event in their lifetime (Benjet et al., 2016). The trauma victim suffers from stress, and with time, this leads to depression. Mostly, mental suffering is caused by repeated meditation about a troubling event. When victims become frightened due to an undesirable occurrence, they tend to look confused, and if this continues for a long time, they may get psychotic.
Psych disorder caused by trauma physically affects the body of the victim. The scholar argues that when individuals experience a traumatic event, their body’s defense takes effect, creating a stress response, which may subject the victim to a variety of physical symptoms (Maldonado, 2018). The patient may also behave differently and experience more intense emotions. The fight or flight response is a situation in which an individual’s body produces chemicals, which prepare the body for an emergency (Dubey, 2018). However, the mentioned effect results in increased heart rate, blood pressure, sweating. The same effect reduces stomach activity that leads to loss of appetite. The provided physiological reaction to the trigger is a common process since the body responds to the harm or possible threat. This condition helps to confront an enemy or flee to avoid conflict or danger. After the event, people may also experience shock and denial, giving way to different feelings such as being sad, angry, and guilt; these may last for several hours, days, weeks, or even months. However, different people experience the same effect individually.
Stress is a condition in which one gets absorbed in a problem whose solution is challenging to obtain. According to Ward (2015), prolonging the process of problem-solving makes the victim experience delayed response, thus concentrating on the current problem. In this case, the victims tend to think deeply about the unsolved issue, leading to depression and sometimes insanity is this problem continues for very long (Karatekin, 2017). Recurrence of issues like unresolved marital problems that arise after some time may also expose the victim to stress (Ward, 2015). In the long run, this situation may expose the person to mental diseases that are characterized by memory loss and behaviors similar to those caused by long term drug abuse.
It was confirmed that stress also leads to poor or increased food appetite. In return, stress and hunger slow down reasoning ability, and therefore, even minor issues that need quick response are not solved urgently (Spencer, 2014). As such, procrastination causes unnecessary anxiety that leads to mental disorder. According to Spencer (2014), when people are under chronic stress, it begins to negatively affect their physical and mental health since the body’s stress response is not engaged continuously. With so many sources of stress, it is difficult to relax and engage, and eventually one suffers from psych disorder.
How Stress Affects Brain
The physical difference is evident in the brains of people with stress disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder. Karatekin (2017) observed that stress could be detrimental to a person’s psyche. Nevertheless, people experience the same trigger individually since the proportion of the brain’s white matter to grey one is higher in a stress-related group of mental disorders in contrast to the group without this state. It means that chronic stress increases a white matter in the brain areas. Ward (2015) sought to find out the underlying reason for this alteration in brain composition. Cortisol, a hormone released when an individual is stressed, builds up in the blood and increases the risk of psych disorder.
Stress gives one a feeling of denial and social seclusion. Such information when stored in the brain for retrieval makes connecting to reality difficult. White matter consists of axons which comprise a fiber system that connects the neurons; the white color of the matter includes fat “cover” of myelin layer that protects the nerves and stimulates the delivery of the signals between the triggers and cells. Eventually, chronic stress produces myelin-producing cells and decreases the number of neurons. The disbalance disrupts the normal condition of the brain, and this state decreases the connectivity between the brain cells.
In conclusion, it is worth noticing that stress and trauma play a crucial role in the development of psych disorder. The knowledge of the various ways in which stress and trauma cause psychological problems can help people prevent psych disorder. One of these ways is avoiding stress through regular physical exercises, which makes the mind active, leaving no room for analytical thinking over challenging issues which occurs when one is idle. Also, it is important to adopt better ways of solving issues to avoid stress. In this view, it is essential to forget issues that people have no control over and handle the ones that they can manage. In any case, worrying does not help address the problem; it makes things worse. Moreover, positively taking things and more importantly avoiding the use of substances as a way of handling such situations is a good strategy of avoiding stress. In any case, problems are handled better by sober minds. Finally, practicing immediate forgiveness and instant problem solving is a prerequisite to staying stress-free and keeping once brains healthy to avoid psych disorder.
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References
Benjet, C., Bromet, E., Karam, E. G., Kessler, R. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Ruscio, A. M., … & Alonso, J. (2016). The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium. Psychological medicine, 46(2), 327- 343.
Dubey, C. K. (2018). A Review on the Effectiveness of Current Approaches to Stress Management. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 6(5), 60-65.
Karatekin, C. (2017). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), Stress and Mental Health in College Students. Stress and Health, 34(1), 36-45; doi: 10.1002/smi.2761
Maldonado, M. (2018) How Stress Affects Mental Health. Journal of the American Medical Association 1685–1687
Mc Guire, A, Dobson, A, Mewton, L. (2015) Mental health service use. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 39: 524–529
Spencer, B. (2014). Psychological disorders resulting from stress; Psychological Bulletin, 41(6), 377-383; doi: 10.1037/h0060799
Ward, L. (2015). Mental health nursing and stress: Maintaining balance. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 20(2), 77-85; doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.0071