The major psycho-physiological characteristics and temperament are formed during puberty. During this period, the educational process is quite difficult, so the work is relevant because it explores the fundamental physiological indicators in their relation to the learning process. Since the formation of temperament affects such essential neurodynamics characteristics as interhemispheric relations, there was conjecture that the formation of temperament influences the success of learning.
Surveyed 118 adolescents at the age of 11-15 and 58 students (with average age of 23.5 showed that temperament is undergoing some changes during puberty. The surveyed girls showed an increased emotional instability (neuroticism), leading to changes in the distribution of types of temperament, during the period from 11 to 15 of age, which persists among young women. The success of education, measured by the level of academic performance is related to the types of temperament. The extroverts and teens with high emotional stability showed the highest rates. The most consistent link between the indicator of interhemispheric relations and emotional instability physiological was evidently detected: there were higher values of permanent capacity, which characterizes intensity of energy metabolism correlate with greater emotional stability in the left hemisphere.
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Successful learning is largely reflected in the academic performance of students. The inspection and assessment of knowledge and skills has an educational value, as a pedagogical evaluation along with other means of teacher’s influence is a regulator of student’s behavior and activities. In addition, academic performance is influenced by social factors, so this indicator is the integrated assessment of student’s adaptation to school. The adaptation of students, in turn, depends on several factors with individual properties as the most basic. In this regard, the temperament is one of the leading properties.
The development of neuro-electrophysiological techniques over the last 50 years has led to a rethinking of many ideas and trends, inherent in classical studies on temperament and related psychophysiological characteristics. The most common is the model of extroversion and neuroticism by Hans Eysenck, which at the physiological level corresponds to the interaction of several neurophysiological factors. In this regard, many authors point to the special role of non-specific brain systems in formation of temperament.
Non-specific neural systems that control the brain activation level, define the balance between the processes of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system. In EEG, this factor is evident in the reaction of activation, as well as the specific nature of the cortical rhythmics. According to positron emission tomography and other methods of biochemical mapping, brain activity can be characterized by the level of energy exchange.
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